Drivers and Mechanisms of the 2021 Pacific Northwest Heatwave
نویسندگان
چکیده
In late June 2021, western North America, and in particular the Pacific Northwest experienced a heatwave with temperatures usually only encountered hot desert climates. Using blend of reanalysis data Earth System Model (ESM) simulations, we disentangle physical drivers underlying this exceptional event. Our analysis highlights role anticyclonic circulation aloft, which converted previously gained potential energy—some by intense latent heating thousands kilometers upwind over Pacific—back into sensible heat through subsidence. We demonstrate that release did not result troposphere above region, but also contributed directly to escalating near-surface temperatures. Facilitated mountainous terrain dry soils deep atmospheric boundary layers were established course several days, connecting air close Earth's surface massive reservoir many above. Anomalous soil moisture acted raise 3°C large region during peak event, local anomalies exceeding 5°C. Overall, conclude was outcome an intricate interplay between dynamic thermodynamic processes. ESM experiments suggest same large-scale fueled enhanced drivers, such as more available for condensation upwind, could enable even extreme temperatures, warmer climate.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Earth’s Future
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['2328-4277']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2022ef002967